Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI)
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (shortened for OI) is also known as brittle bone disease. This happens to be a medical condition that affects the bones. The bones become incredibly fragile and can break easily. People with this condition often have bones that break without any trauma or injury. OI is actually a congenital bone disorder that affects about one in every 20,000 births. It is characterized by bones that are fragile and prone to breakage. The severity of the disorder can range from mild to severe, and symptoms may not be apparent at birth.
Types of OI
There are different types of OI, and type I is the most common. Type I OI is characterized by bone fragility and bone pain. Type II OI is the most severe form of the disorder and is characterized by bone fragility, short stature, and deformities of the skull, ribs, and long bones. Type III OI is characterized by bone fragility and moderate-to-severe short stature. Type IV OI is the mildest form of the disorder and is characterized by bone fragility and mild-to-moderate short stature.
Causes of OI
The cause of Osteogenesis Imperfecta is not known. It is thought to be caused by a genetic mutation, wherein, the mutation of a gene, which is responsible for the production of collagen, happens. Collagen is a protein that helps to make the bones strong. The severity of the disorder is determined by the type of collagen mutation. There are more than 1,000 known mutations that can cause OI.
Symptoms
Symptoms of Osteogenesis Imperfecta can include bone fractures, joint pain, and fatigue. The symptoms of Osteogenesis Imperfecta vary from person to person. Some people have only a few fractures, while others may have many fractures. Some people with this condition may have short stature, deformities of the bones, and brittle teeth.
Diagnosis of OI in Children
Osteogenesis Imperfecta is diagnosed in children through a physical examination and imaging tests. OI is usually diagnosed in children after they have had a bone fracture. A doctor may order X-rays and a bone density test to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment of OI in Children
There is no cure for OI, but some treatments can help manage the symptoms and complications. Treatments for OI typically include physical therapies, orthopedic devices, medications, braces, and surgery. Such treatments can help to prevent fractures and improve the quality of life. In some of the severe unfortunate cases, bone marrow transplants might also be advised.
Complications That Can Arise
OI can cause a number of complications. The possible complications of OI include deformities of the bones, short stature, respiratory problems, hearing loss, scoliosis, hearing loss, deformities, joint pain, and brittle teeth. With proper treatment, most people with OI can lead relatively normal lives.
Assisting Children Live with OI
To help children live with Osteogenesis Imperfecta, it is important to provide support and understanding.
Calling for Assistance
When to contact a healthcare provider in case of a child having Osteogenesis Imperfecta? If you suspect your child has Osteogenesis Imperfecta, it is important to contact a healthcare provider at the right time and get expert professional assistance to help the child lead a better life.
1Health Medical Center for the Best Treatment for Osteogenesis Imperfecta
If your child has OI, you can immediately connect with 1Health Medical Center. First and foremost, a diagnosis will be made with a physical exam or a simple X-ray. Thereon, treatment options will be suggested to you based on your child’s specific condition.